Fat is composed of glycerin and fatty acids.
Glycerin
Glycerin is familiar to everyone, and many young women like to use its thin liquid to prevent skin chapped.
When the temperature is high, glycerin will decompose into a harmful substance called acrolein. This gas irritates people's eyes, mouth and nasal mucosa, making people feel hot and cough.
When the concentration is high, it will cause dizziness, difficulty breathing, inflammation of the eye and conjunctiva, and inflammation of the throat, pharynx and bronchi. This is the reason why the oil fume chokes people during oil refining and cooking.
There are many types of fatty acids. Generally divided into:
1. Fatty acids with saturated bond
2. Fatty acids with unsaturated bond
Fatty acids
The three types of fatty acids are found in animal oils, but the amounts are different.
For example,
Vegetable oils contain more fatty acids with 2 unsaturated bonds. But animal oil contains more saturated fatty acids.
These kinds of fatty acids have different effects on human health.
Saturated fatty acids can increase blood lipids in human blood, which can easily cause arteriosclerosis, leading to coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction.
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Therefore, young people should not eat more fats containing saturated fatty acids, such as lard, mutton and tallow.
Fatty acids containing multiple unsaturated bonds are the opposite of saturated fatty acids. They can lower blood lipids, soften blood vessels, and transport cholesterol in the blood. This is because it contains linoleic acid.
Fatty acids with one unsaturated bond remain 'neutral' in the human body, and they neither increase nor decrease blood fat.
Therefore, young people are suitable to eat more fats containing multiple unsaturated fatty acids.
The fats containing many unsaturated fatty acids are soybean oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, sesame oil and peanut oil and other vegetable oils, as well as fish oil, chicken oil and duck oil in animal oil.
In addition, it also depends on the number of carbon atoms that make up the fatty acid, or the length of the chain formed by the carbon atoms.
Among them, the medium-chain fatty acid composed of 8-11 carbon atoms is better.
This medium-chain fatty acid is in the human intestine. The decomposition in the tract is complete and fast, and it is absorbed quickly. It can also be carried out when there is a lack of bile, and it is completely oxidized in the cell. It is basically not stored in the human body.
At the same time, it can inhibit the decomposition of fat and reduce the free fatty acid in the blood. The content, which can reduce blood lipids and reduce the synthesis of cholesterol, is very beneficial to human health.
Foods rich in medium-chain fatty acids include cream, milk powder, milk, goat milk and margarine. Animal butter contains a lot of cholesterol, which is not ideal.
At present, in some countries with a high standard of living, the amount of fat is increasing, basically increasing to 40% or more of the total calories.
Therefore, the number of people with myocardial infarction and arteriosclerosis has increased accordingly. Young people do not eat too much fat, so it is not appropriate to reduce the amount of food. Young people should choose the right amount of fat and eat scientifically.